'The Camera'

On your camera you should have 4 main settings.

Auto; Using the auto setting means the camera will do all the hard work for you, it will control your aperture, shutter speed but sometimes this isn't a good thing because you will not always get the results you were after for example. If you wanted to catch a fast car in still motion, auto wouldn't be able to capture that image. Using auto isn't always a bad thing it just means you won't always get what you want out of the image.

Program (P); Program mode is a bit more flexible than automatic mode. When you set your camera to P, the camera might look like it's in the same mode as Auto, but you have full control over a number of settings, including ISO and white balance, which are unavailable to you in Auto mode. With both Auto and Program the camera will chose the right aperture and shutter speed balance which would be right for the situation.

Shutter Priority (S); The measurement of shutter is the amount of time the camera’s shutter is open. With a longer shutter opening, more light reaches the image sensor. A shorter opening means the image sensor receives less light. Shutter speed is measured in a fraction of a second. A measurement of 1/500 means the shutter is open for only 1/500th of a second. However, long shutter speeds are an option too, such as 30 seconds or more. Being able to control the shutter speed is very handy sometimes for a various reasons. For example; If you wanted to capture a fast moving object you would need a quick shutter speed E.g. 1/4000 of a second, using shutter for an average everyday photograph the best shutter speed would be 1/125 and for a slow moving object you would need a long shutter speed E.g. 1/60th of a second but most camera can go up to 30 seconds.

Aperture (A); Aperture is the hole in the lens that light passes through. It is used in the term f/stops and is written as numbers such as F1.4, F2, F2.8, F4, F5.6, F8, F11 and F16. The lower f/stops more light is being let through to the camera sensor. For example, if it is dark outside, you would have a bigger F stop like F2. If it was very bright outside you could need around F16. Think of aperture being like your eyes. When something bright is beaming in your eyes your pupils decide to go very small so your vision can adapt to the light, when its very dark your pupils open right up. 

Manual (M); Manual setting is having complete control over every aspect of the camera, Controlling the aperture and shutter speed to work together to create your image. 

  
Aperture + Shutter = Image.